Chifukwa cha maubwino ake, kapangidwe kazitsulo kakhala kogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri munyumba zamakono monga Bridges, malo opangira mafakitale ndi nyumba zapamwamba.Pakumanga kwamakina ambiri, zomangamanga zazitsulo zidawululiranso zovuta zambiri. makamaka imakambirana zovuta zomwe zimafala komanso njira zowongolera pakuvomereza ndikumaliza kwazitsulo m'chigawo cha Liaoning mzaka zaposachedwa.

Zina mwa zovuta pakupanga zida zachitsulo ndi mayankho ake

1. Kupanga zigawo zikuluzikulu
Mapanelo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamafelemu azitsulo ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo amatha kukhala ochepa ngati mamilimita 4. Njira yodulira iyenera kusankhidwa kuti ipewe kudula kwa moto chifukwa choti kudula kwa lawi kumapangitsa m'mphepete mwa mbale kuti pakhale kusintha kwakukulu kwa mawonekedwe. Makina opanga h-beam welding amagwiritsa ntchito kumiza kwa arc kapena ma semi-automatic.

2. Kukhazikitsa phazi la mzati
(1) magawo Ophatikizidwa (anangula): kupatuka konsekonse kapena masanjidwe; Kukwezeka kolakwika; Ulusi sunatetezedwe. Bowo lazitsulo lazitsulo zam'munsi ndizosatheka ndipo kutalika kwa ulusi sikokwanira.
Njira: Zomangamanga zachitsulo zidzagwirizana ndi zomangamanga kuti amalize ntchito yolowa isanatsanulidwe konkriti ndi ramming.Miyeso yoyenera iyenera kufufuzidwa ndikukhazikika.

(2) zomangira zamangula sizowongoka, ndipo cholakwika chopingasa cha ma bolodi ophatikizika chimakhala chachikulu pambuyo pomanga maziko.Ngati mzati waikidwa, suli pamzere wowongoka, ndipo umapendekeka mbali ndi mbali, zomwe zimapangitsa mawonekedwe za nyumbayo moipa kwambiri. Zimabweretsa zolakwika pakukhazikitsa kwazitsulo, ndipo mawonekedwe amakhudzidwa, omwe sakwaniritsa zofunikira zovomereza zomangamanga.
Njira: kukhazikitsa kwa anchor bolt kuyenera kutsatira mbale yakumunsi ndi koloko kotsika kotsika, kenako lembani matope osakhazikika, njira zakunja zakunja. Chotsani mu khola, thandizirani bwino chithandizo, kapena tengani njira zina zothandiza kuti beseni la nangula lisasunthike mukatsanulira konkriti wamaziko.

(3) Vuto la kulumikizana kwa nangula: chomangira cha nangula pamapazi sichimangika, ndipo mbale yoyikira siyotcherera ndi mbale yakumunsi;
Njira: zotchingira zotsekemera ndi mtedza ziyenera kutengedwa; Kunja kwa bolodi ya nangula wa mankhwala, utoto wopanda moto ndi kutchinjiriza kutentha kuyenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti zisawonongeke magwiridwe antchito ndi moto.

3. Vuto lolumikiza
(1) Kulumikiza kwakukulu kwamphamvu
Zida za bolt sizikwaniritsa zofunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukhazikika kwa ma bolts kukhale kovuta, kapena kuchuluka kwa bolt yolimba sikukwaniritsa zofunikira pamapangidwe.
Kusanthula zifukwa:
A. Pali dzimbiri loyandama, mafuta ndi zosafunika zina kumtunda, mabowo a burt, chotupa chotenthetsera, ndi zina zambiri.
B. ngakhale kuti mawonekedwe a bolt adakonzedwa, palinso zopindika.
Zothetsera:
Pamwamba pa mabotolo olimba kwambiri ayenera kutsukidwa m'modzi ndi m'modzi kuti dzimbiri likuyandama, mafuta ndi mabowo a bolt. ndi anthu apadera.
b: kayendetsedwe ka malo ophatikizira akuyenera kuganizira momwe amamangirira ndikukhazikitsa, popewa kubwereza, ndikuyesera kuti agwiridwe asanakwere.

Ngati ulusi wa bawuti wawonongeka, kagwere sikangathe kulowa mu nati momasuka, zomwe zingakhudze msonkhano wa bawuti.
Chowunikira: Chingwe cha waya chidawonongeka kwambiri.
Zothetsera:
(1) Bolts iyenera kusankhidwa musanagwiritse ntchito, mutatsuka dzimbiri musanafanane.
(2) kagwere ma bolts owonongeka sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati akapichi osakhalitsa, musakakamize kulowa mdzenje.
(3) Msonkhano wokhazikitsidwa kale wa bolt udzasungidwa malinga ndi malaya, ndipo sudzasinthanitsidwa ukamagwiritsidwa ntchito.
(1) Pamwamba pa mabotolo olimba kwambiri ayenera kutsukidwa m'modzi ndi m'modzi kuti dzimbiri loyandama, mafuta ndi mabowo a bolt. zoperekedwa ndi anthu apadera.
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(2) Zomwe zili patsamba loti: zabwino ndizovuta kutsimikizika; Mapangidwe ake amafunikira kuti welds yoyamba ndi yachiwiri yomwe ili ndi malowedwe athunthu sayenera kutengera mawonekedwe a akupanga zolakwika; Mizati yayikulu ndi zipilala zapansi sizotsekedwa; Palibe arc mbale ntchito kuwotcherera.
Yankho: chitsulo chisanadze kuwotcherera, kuwotcherera kwa satifiketi yoyang'anira, nkhani yowotcherera imakhala ndi kusankha malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, malinga ndi malangizo ndi njira zomwe zimafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ma elekitirodi, mawonekedwe owotchera sayenera kukhala ndi mng'alu, kung'anima, mulingo 2 china chotulutsa sichingakhale ndi porosity, slag, crater crack, level of weld shall bite edge, under welding defects, such as, level 2 weld nondestructive testing, malinga ndi zofunikira mu weld ndi mbali zina za malamulo kuti muwone chisindikizo cha welder. Ma welds osayenerera sadzatayidwa popanda chilolezo, ndipo adzawataya pakasinthidwa kale ndondomeko. Pafupipafupi kukonza china chotulutsa mu gawo lomweli musalumphe kawiri.

4. Kusintha kwa zinthu
(1) Chigawocho chimakhala chopunduka panthawi yoyendera, zomwe zimapangitsa kufa kapena kuwerama pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipangizocho chisayikidwe.
Kusanthula zifukwa:
1) Mapindikidwe chifukwa kuwotcherera pa yonama wa zigawo zikuluzikulu zambiri akupereka kupinda pang'onopang'ono.
2) Zigawo zikamanyamulidwa, mfundo zogwirizira ndizopanda tanthauzo, monga mitengo yakumtunda ndi yotsikirako siyopendekeka, kapena malo osanjikiza awumitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azigwadira kapena kuchepa pang'onopang'ono kwa zinthuzo.
3) Mu mayendedwe a zigawo zikuluzikulu, mapindikidwe amayamba chifukwa cha kugundana, komwe kumapereka kupindika kwakufa.
Njira zodzitetezera:
1) Njira zochepetsera kutsekemera kotsekemera zidzalandiridwa pakupanga zigawo zikuluzikulu.
2) Msonkhano ndi kuwotcherera, njira monga kusinthira kosinthika zidzalandiridwa. Zotsatira za msonkhano zidzatsata momwe zimayendera. Chida chokhazikitsira msonkhano chidzagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipo zothandizira zokwanira ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti zisawonongeke.
3) Kuti mutumizidwe ndikunyamulidwa, samalani kasinthidwe kabwino ka mfundo za khushoni.
Zothetsera:
1) Kufa kokhotakhota kwa mamembala nthawi zambiri kumachitidwa ndi njira yowongolera makina. Gwiritsani ntchito jack kapena zida zina kuti mukonze kapena ndi lawi la oxyacetylene mukakonza.
2) Tengani kutentha kwa lawi la oxyacetylene kuti muthe kukonza kupindika pang'onopang'ono kwa kapangidwe kake.
(2) Mukatha kusonkhanitsa mamembala achitsulo, kutalika konseko kumapitilira mtengo wololeza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtengo wachitsulo ukhale wosauka.
Kusanthula zifukwa:
1) Wopanda ulusi ndondomeko.
2) Kukula kwa mfundo zamisonkhano sikukwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga.
Zothetsera:
1) Mamembala a Msonkhano azikhala ndi tebulo lamsonkhano, lomwe liziwonekera pansi pamembala panthawi yazitsulo kuti zisawonongeke. masitepe, ndikofunikira kusintha mapindidwe atayimitsidwa, ndikuwonetsetsa kukula kwa malo molumikizana ndi kapangidwe kake, apo ayi mamembala azisokonekera mosavuta.
2) Mamembala omwe ali okhwima bwino ayenera kulimbikitsidwa asanatembenuke ndikuwongolera atatembenuka, apo ayi sangakonzedwe atawotcherera.
(3) Mamembala akakhoma, mtengowo umakhala wouma kapena wocheperako pamtengo wopangira.Kapena phindu la chipangizocho ndi laling'ono, mtengo wakumbuyo wakunikirako watsamira pansi. zosavuta kupitirira muyezo.
Kusanthula zifukwa:
1) Kukula kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu sizikukwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga.
2) Pakukonzekera, palibe kukonza komwe kumapangidwa molingana ndi kusiyana pakati pamiyeso yoyesedwa ndi kuwerengedwa.
3) Milatho yokhala ndi nthawi yaying'ono imakhala ndi digiri yaying'ono ndipo imanyalanyazidwa pamsonkhano.
Zothetsera:
1) Yendani sitepe iliyonse mosamala malinga ndi kupatuka kololeka kwa mamembala azitsulo.
2) Pakukonzekera, digiri yakumtunda idzayezedwa pambuyo poti mbali zazitsulo zakhazikitsidwa ndikulowa nawo pamalowo, ndikusintha kwina pakumanga.
3) Pamsonkhano wocheperako, kupatuka komwe kukusonkhanako kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa moyenera ndikuyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse kuwotcherera.

5. Kukhazikitsa kapangidwe kazitsulo
(1) Ndodo yachitsulo isanakweze, kukwezeka kwa maziko kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa ndikuyesedwa molondola, ndipo maziko adzakulitsidwa mosamalitsa molingana ndi mtengo womwe wapimidwa; pomwe dzenje lakutulutsa) limatsegulidwa pansi pa mzati, malo osagwirizana omwe ali pansi pamutuwo amakhala ndi chitsulo chosanjikizika, ndipo chitsulo chachitsulo m'munsi mwa chipilacho chimakonzedwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kake pasadakhale , kenako grouting yachiwiri imalandiridwa.
(2) Asanatsanulidwe maziko a konkriti, mabatani ophatikizidwa adzalumikizidwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kake pogwiritsa ntchito chuck yodziwika bwino kuti kuteteza kusunthika kusachitike pakuthira konkriti; ndipo dzenje losungidwa liyenera kupangidwa pambuyo pozindikira malo a dzenjelo.
(3) Mzati wachitsulo uyenera kukwezedwa m'malo molingana ndi malo ojambulidwa, ndipo njira yokwezera pamwambapa iyenera kutengedwa. Pakukweza, kuyenera kukonzedwa kwakanthawi kuti muchepetse kukweza; Thandizo lakanthawi liyenera kuwonjezedwa munthawi yomwe mzati udalipo; Kupatuka koyenera kuyenera kukonzedwa musanakonze.
Chachiwiri, kumaliza
Kokha pakuwongolera zomangamanga, limbikitsani ogwira ntchito pamiyeso ndi momwe angagwiritsire ntchito, maphunziro ophunzitsira ogwira ntchito, okonzekeratu asanamange, amalimbitsa kuwongolera kwamachitidwe pakumanga, kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira, kusewera nawo mbali zomangamanga, kuyang'anira ndi zina zotero, gwirani ntchito yabwino pakulandila kwa magawo azigawo kuti mutsimikizire mtundu wonse wa kapangidwe kazitsulo.

Mtundu Wathu Wamkulu Wogulitsa:

1. Zitsulo chitoliro (Round / Square / Special mphako / SSAW)

2. Magetsi ngalande chitoliro (EMT / IMC / RMC / BS4568-1970 / BS31-1940)

3. Cold Yopangidwa Zitsulo Gawo (C / Z / U / M)

4. Zitsulo ngodya ndi mtanda (V Angle Bar / H Beam / U Beam)

5. Zitsulo katawala Mwatsatanetsatane

6. Zitsulo kapangidwe (Zomangamanga Zimagwira)

7. Njira Yowongoka Pazitsulo (kudula, kuwongola, kugwedeza, kukanikiza, kutentha, kutentha, kupondaponda, kuboola, kuwotcherera, ndi zina zambiri. Malinga ndi kasitomala)

8. Chitsulo Tower

9. Dzuwa Kukhazikitsa Kapangidwe